Narrowing of sub-Doppler saturated-absorption resonances in multilayer gas cells

Abstract

We have studied theoretically nontrivial specific features of sub-Doppler resonances of saturated absorption in a multilayer gas cell with a rarefied gas medium, which is a compact analog of a large number of plane-parallel atomic beams. Spatially separated saturating and probing monochromatic laser beams that co- and counterpropagate (at the same frequency) in this cell have been considered. In this situation, the action of the light radiation of the saturating beam on the probing beam is determined by optically pumped atoms that fly between the beams under conditions that the longitudinal components of their velocities experience selection due to a specific geometry of the multilayer cell. Such a selection leads to a narrowing of the sub-Doppler resonance in the absorption of the probing beam and decreases the difference between the structures of this resonance for the cases of co- and counterpropagation of the saturating radiation. We have found that, in the considered multilayer cell, the effective width of the sub-Doppler resonance can be smaller (by a factor of about 1.5) than the extremely narrow characteristic width of the well-known Lamb dip in spectroscopy of saturated absorption in the standard gas cell. Results of this study can be used in atomic spectroscopy of ultrahigh resolution and for the laser-frequency stabilization.