Narrow Band Imaging Cystoscopy and Bipolar Plasma Vaporization for Large Nonmuscle-invasive Bladder Tumors—Results of a Prospective, Randomized Comparison to the Standard Approach

Abstract

To evaluate the efficacy of narrow band imaging (NBI) cystoscopy associated with bipolar plasma vaporization (BPV) in cases of large nonmuscle-invasive bladder tumors (NMIBTs) compared with white light cystoscopy (WLC) and monopolar transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBTs). A total of 220 cases with ≥ 1 bladder tumor >3 cm determined by abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, and flexible WLC were included in the present trial. The patients in the first arm underwent WLC and NBI cystoscopy followed by BPV, and the patients in the second arm underwent only WLC and TURBT. The patients with NMIBTs underwent standard repeat TUR at 4 weeks and follow-up urinary cytology and WLC at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The carcinoma in situ, Stage pTa, and overall NMIBT detection rates were significantly improved for NBI compared with WLC. BPV provided lower obturator nerve stimulation and bladder wall perforation rates and significantly reduced the mean hemoglobin decrease, catheterization period, and hospital stay compared with TURBT. The repeat TUR overall and primary site residual tumor rates were significantly decreased in the NBI-BPV group (6.3% vs 17.5% and 4.2% vs 13.4%, respectively). The overall and other site 1-year recurrence rates were significantly reduced in the NBI-BPV series (7.9% vs 17.8% and 3.4% vs 12.2%, respectively). NBI cystoscopy significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy in cases of large NMIBTs, and BPV emphasized superior efficacy and safety compared with TURBT. This combined approach provided a lower residual tumor rate at repeat TUR and a reduced 1-year recurrence rate.