Narrative Research in Design Practice: Capturing Mental Models of Work Environments

Abstract

Within practice, designers are increasingly pressured to establish proofs and utilize quantitative data to guide solutions. Analyzing the human component within an organization, however, may require adopting qualitative research tools that redefine performance beyond the limitations of quantitative tools. This report examines STUDIOS Architecture's use of narrative research in practice. Narrative research is utilized in situations when STUDIOS examines mental models of work environments held by clients and end–users. STUDIOS’ definition of a mental model of work is the set of work–related beliefs, motives, and behaviors from which an organization or individuals operate. Narratives gleaned from a wide range of individuals define the organization within a collective voice. STUDIOS’ approach to narrative is related to holistic–content methodologies (Liebich, Tuval–Mashiach, & Zilber, 1998) and incorporates traditional content analysis (Weber, 1990) to deconstruct and analyze narrative content. A predetermined research scope determines the initial parameters of analysis to be most meaningful to the client. Domains, or categories of meaning, are established to fit the project objectives while patterns within and between these domains are then identified within the narratives to capture mental models of work environments. Narrative research allows the designer and client to discover these tacit models and make inferences as to the connection of beliefs, motives, and behaviors to the physical environment. Future exploration in adapting narrative research methods for design, within both education and practice, will increase the body of knowledge that informs design, allowing the designer to better understand the relationship between people and the workplace.