Naringin derivatives as glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase inhibitors based preservatives and their biological evaluation

Amit Lather,Sunil Sharma,Anurag Khatkar

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77511-2

Abstract

Glucosamine-6-Phosphate synthase enzyme has been targeted for development of better and safe preservative due to its role in microbial cell wall synthesis. In recent year’s demand of preservatives for the food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals have increased. Although, the available synthetic preservatives have associated unwanted adverse effects, soa chain of naringin derivatives were schemed synthesized and judged for antioxidant, antimicrobial, preservative efficacy, stability study and topical evaluation. Molecular docking resulted with excellent dock score and binding energy for compound 7, compound 6 and compound 1 as compared to standard drugs. Resultant data of antimicrobial activity revealed compound 7as most potent antimicrobial compound for P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli, C. albicans, and A. niger, respectively, as compared to the standard drugs. The preservative efficacy test of compound 7 in White Lotion USP showed the log cfu/mL value within prescribed limit of USP standard. Compound 7 stabilize the White lotion USP from microbial growth for a period of six months under accelerated storage condition. Compound 7 was further evaluated for toxicity by using the Draize test in rabbits and showed no sign of eye and skin irritation. The outcome demonstrated that synthesized naringin compounds showed glorious antioxidant, antimicrobial, preservative efficacy, stable and safe as compared to standards.

Highlights

Glucosamine-6-Phosphate synthase enzyme has been targeted for development of better and safe preservative due to its role in microbial cell wall synthesis
This further made the clearance behind the inhibition of G-6-P synthase enzyme by different proposed molecules
Results of stability study revealed that the pH of White lotion USP samples were in range of 5.5–6.0.The results of the microbial study indicated that no microbial growth was observed in samples containing compound 7 over a period of six months period as per ICH guidelines. These results indicated that the product was stable as compared to standard preservative with added naringin compound 7 as preservative

Summary

Introduction

Glucosamine-6-Phosphate synthase enzyme has been targeted for development of better and safe preservative due to its role in microbial cell wall synthesis. In recent year’s demand of preservatives for the food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals have increased. The available synthetic preservatives have associated unwanted adverse effects, soa chain of naringin derivatives were schemed synthesized and judged for antioxidant, antimicrobial, preservative efficacy, stability study and topical evaluation. The preservative efficacy test of compound 7 in White Lotion USP showed the log cfu/mL value within prescribed limit of USP standard. The outcome demonstrated that synthesized naringin compounds showed glorious antioxidant, antimicrobial, preservative efficacy, stable and safe as compared to standards. Cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products containing aqueous base have been reported with a higher risk of microbial growth and undesirable chemical changes. There is an urgent need for the search of better, safe and natural preservatives for food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. Naringin and its derivatives viz. naringenin, prunin and alkylprunin esters have been reported to have potent antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria L. monocytogenes, E. coli and S. aureus[37,38]

Methods

Results

Conclusion