Abstract
Methanol extracts of Nardostachys jatamansi (D. Don) DC (NJ) roots were studied for anti-inflammatory activities in RAW 264.7 macrophages. NJ extracts protected macrophages against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis. The cell viability of LPS-stimulated macrophages was increased from 60.5% to 98.9% by a 100 μg/mL NJ extract. A decrease in the reactive oxygen species level contributed to the protective effect of NJ extracts on LPSstimulated macrophages. The anti-inflammatory effect of NJ extracts was assessed via an inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production. The NO level decreased from 100% to 5.8% after incubation with a 100 μg/mL NJ extract. Inducible iNOS and COX-2 expression was determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. NJ extracts downregulated both iNOS and COX-2 expression in a dose-dependant manner. mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 decreased in response to NJ extracts.
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