Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease, involve mechanisms such as protein aggregation, free radical generation and oxidative stress. Transition metals such as copper and iron were linked to neurodegenerative pathology. Their pathogenic role consists in generating different reactive oxygen species and damaging tissues or cells through the Fenton reaction. Abnormal metabolism of copper and iron can lead to several chronic pathogenesis. NAP is a small active fragment of activity-dependent neuroprotective protein essential for brain formation. NAP peptide showed neuroprotective proprieties against toxicity induced by the �-amyloid peptide, N-methyl-D-aspartate, electrical blockade, the envelope protein of the AIDS virus, dopamine, H2O2, and nutrient starvation in cell culture. Therefore, we investigated here the interaction of Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions with the NAP neuroprotective peptide and its analogs. With MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry, the formation of reduced metal-peptide complexes and the metal chelating properties of NAP-like neuroprotective peptides were highlighted.
Highlights
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease, involve mechanisms such as protein aggregation, free radical generation and oxidative stress
Abnormal metabolism of copper and iron can lead to several chronic pathogenesis
Iron ions are needed for gene expression, the synthesis of neurotransmitters, myelination or respiratory management of the brain, while copper ions are an important cofactor for antioxidant enzymes, neurotransmitter biosynthesis and mitochondrial respiration [1-3]
Summary
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease, involve mechanisms such as protein aggregation, free radical generation and oxidative stress. Transition metals such as copper and iron were linked to neurodegenerative pathology. All living beings operate with transition metals such as copper or iron in order to conduct their basic metabolic processes Their importance can be noticed even at the synaptic level. Neurodegenerative diseases are a critical worldwide health concern that affects the nervous system These pathologies are associated with ageing and share features such as selective neuronal death, protein aggregation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, transition metal accumulation and inflammation [4]. At synaptic level could have influence on the modified metal homeostasis in the brains of patients with neurodegenerative diseases [4]
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