Abstract
As a traditional Chinese medicine, Naoxintong capsule (NXT) has been approved by China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA), which is used for cardiocerebrovascular disease treatment. Here we found that NXT extract significantly promoted H9c2 cardiomyocyte cell autophagy involved in increased autophagy-associated gene expression leading to inhibition of mTOR signaling. Moreover, NXT extract increased PPARγ protein expression and transcription activity of H9c2 cell. Consistent with this, in PPARγ gene silenced H9c2 cells, NXT had no effect on autophagy and mTOR signaling. Furthermore, NXT/PPARγ-mediated H9c2 autophagy led to inhibition of cardiomyocyte cell hypertrophy. These findings suggest that the extract of NXT inhibited H9c2 cardiomyocyte cell hypertrophy via PPARγ-mediated cell autophagy.
Highlights
As a traditional Chinese medicine, Naoxintong capsule (NXT) has been approved by China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA, Z20025001), which is used for cardiocerebrovascular disease treatment [1, 2]
Real-Time PCR analysis shows that NXT significantly increased the autophagy-associated gene expressions including Atg16, LC3-a, LC3b, and ULK1 (Figure 1(d))
These findings show that NXT promoted H9c2 cardiomyocyte cell autophagy involved in increased autophagy-associated gene expressions
Summary
As a traditional Chinese medicine, Naoxintong capsule (NXT) has been approved by China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA, Z20025001), which is used for cardiocerebrovascular disease treatment [1, 2]. Other reports show that NXT can decrease atherosclerosis associated with inhibition of dendritic cell maturation and iNOS expression [3, 4]. NXT ethanol extract decreases H2O2-mediated cardiomyocyte cell damage [6] and the development of diabetic retinopathy [7]; the effect of NXT on the cardiac hypertrophy is still unclear. Activation of autophagy pathway can inhibit cardiac hypertrophy [8]. Other report shows that PPARα regulate autophagy [14]. We found that NXT/PPARγ signaling inhibited H9c2 cardiomyocyte cell hypertrophy via autophagy
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