Nantucket Pine Tip Moth Phenology in Eastern North Carolina and Virginia: Implications for Effective Timing of Insecticide Applications

Abstract

Abstract Phenology was monitored throughout the year for each generation of Rhyacionia frustrana in eastern North Carolina and Virginia. Male moths caught in pheromone-baited traps indicated that three generations occur annually in this region. Generally, the first generation adult emergence began in mid-March, the second in early June, and the third in mid-July. The mean thermal requirements to complete one R. frustrana generation was 579.8 degree-days (°C), but varied somewhat by generation and location. A simple spray technique is reviewed and new data are presented to predict spray dates using trap catch data and degree-day summations. South. J. Appl. For. 23(1):30-38.