Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequent male cancer in the Western world. Progression to Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) is a known consequence of androgen withdrawal therapy, making CRPC an end-stage disease. Combination of cytotoxic drugs and hormonal therapy/or genotherapy is a recognized modality for the treatment of advanced PC. However, this strategy is limited by poor bio-accessibility of the chemotherapy to tumor sites, resulting in an increased rate of collateral toxicity and incidence of multidrug resistance (MDR). Nanovectorization of these strategies has evolved to an effective approach to efficacious therapeutic outcomes. It offers the possibility to consolidate their antitumor activity through enhanced specific and less toxic active or passive targeting mechanisms, as well as enabling diagnostic imaging through theranostics. While studies on nanomedicine are common in other cancer types, only a few have focused on prostate cancer. This review provides an in-depth knowledge of the principles of nanotherapeutics and nanotheranostics, and how the application of this rapidly evolving technology can clinically impact CRPC treatment. With particular reference to respective nanovectors, we draw clinical and preclinical evidence, demonstrating the potentials and prospects of homing nanovectorization into CRPC treatment strategies.
Highlights
With the trajectory of preclinical and clinical successes associated with the liposomal drugs in cancer treatment, it is sufficiently acceptable to assert that liposomal encapsulation holds a very promising future for Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) with an abundance of economic opportunities for drug developers to exploit
The first approaches to nanovectorization against cancer have been develThe first approaches to nanovectorization against prostate cancer have beenthe developed oped for chemotherapeutic agents already used for CRPC
Even though research has progressed very rapidly, lending the concepts of nanotechnology to the treatment of many cancer types, only a few preclinical studies on nanovectorization-based therapy has focused on prostate tumors
Summary
Kenneth Omabe 1,2 , Clément Paris 1 , François Lannes 1 , David Taïeb 1,3 and Palma Rocchi 1, *. Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille. Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, La Timone University Hospital, European Center for Research in Medical
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