Abstract

Nowadays, nanotechnology is one of the most conducting research-based areas because it merges understanding from many disciplines such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medicine, Engineering, and Environmental Sciences among others. There are no limits to the potential applications of nanotechnology. It is helping to considerably improve, even revolutionize, many technology and industry sectors. New nano- and bio-materials, and nano-devices, are produced and monitored through nanotechnology instruments and manners, which explore and transform the features, responses, and functions of living and non-living matter, at sizes below 100 nm. This review focuses on nanotechnology, its definition and applications, and sunlight as a driving tool for developing nanotechnology. Sunlight as a free source of energy and clean agent for several physical and chemical reactions constitutes an increasing interest for both science and technology. Nanotechnology should focus on more using sunlight as a free energy source and an environmentally-friendly agent for its advancing for the human kind best future.

Highlights

  • Research and development into nanotechnology are at the speed of light expanding field, with many governments and industries worldwide spending billions of dollars trying to unravel the reasons why matter at the nanometer scale behaves differently from matter at the bulk scale and how to capitalize on these novel properties for the betterment of humanity [1, 2]

  • This review focuses on nanotechnology, its definition and applications, and sunlight as a driving tool for advancing and developing nanotechnology

  • Photonics studies a larger variety of wavelengths, from gamma rays to radio, comprising X-rays, UV and infrared light [15, 16]

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Summary

Introduction

Research and development into nanotechnology are at the speed of light expanding field, with many governments and industries worldwide spending billions of dollars trying to unravel the reasons why matter at the nanometer scale behaves differently from matter at the bulk scale and how to capitalize on these novel properties for the betterment of humanity [1, 2]. There are several global challenges facing the humankind nowadays. They comprise finding sustainable renewable energy sources, decreasing pollution, supplying unpolluted potable water [3], diminishing the usage of pesticides and herbicides, enhancing agricultural outputs to feed an augmenting population, and predicted variations in world climate resulting from global warming. Nanotechnology and nanoscience have the capacity to provide solutions to several of these global challenges [1, 4,5,6,7,8]. This review focuses on nanotechnology, its definition and applications, and sunlight as a driving tool for advancing and developing nanotechnology. Sunlight as a free source of energy and clean agent for several physical and chemical reactions constitutes an increasing interest for both science and technology

Eating Sunlight for Energy
Photonics
Energetic Nanoparticles Convert Sunlight into Electricity
Light Moves
Nanotechnology
Mie Theory
Sunlight’s Nature and Composition
Photo-Induced Toxicity of Environmental Contaminants
10. Conclusions

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