Abstract
This work presents the recent progress in nanostructured materials used as positive electrodes in Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Three classes of host lattices for lithium insertion are considered: transition-metal oxides V2O5, α-NaV2O5, α-MnO2, olivine-like LiFePO4, and layered compounds LiNi0.55Co0.45O2, LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 and Li2MnO3. First, a brief description of the preparation methods shows the advantage of a green process, i.e., environmentally friendliness wet chemistry, in which the synthesis route using single and mixed chelators is used. The impact of nanostructure and nano-morphology of cathode material on their electrochemical performance is investigated to determine the synthesis conditions to obtain the best electrochemical performance of LIBs.
Highlights
The main drawback of transition-metal oxides used as positive electrode materials inLi-ion batteries (LIBs) is their poor discharge rate capability due to low intrinsic electronic and ionic conductivity [1]
Due to the renewed interest of α-MnO2, we investigated the structural reduction of KMnO4 by the ascorbic acid (AA) route, and nanowires prepared by the mixed chelator stability of its lithiated phase in the potential range 3.5–1.5 V vs. Li+/Li0, when prepared as (MC)
The choice the active cathode the synthesis parameters to tuneelectrochemical the size of the particles, butofalso their morphology elements that belong to the two families of materials to which that in order to have optimized electrochemical properties
Summary
The main drawback of transition-metal oxides used as positive electrode (cathode) materials in. At high current densities, i.e., J > 1C rate (the rate is denoted C/n, where C is the theoretical cathode capacity and a full discharge occurs in n hours), the poor electrochemical performance is attributed to the slow electron transport of the material and the sluggish Li-ion kinetics within the grains. The smaller the particle size, the larger the surface area over volume ratio, as shown in Figure 1 in which a 3 × 3 cube is compared to a single element. In this case, the surface/volume ratio is increased from 2 to 6.
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