Abstract
Utilization of nanotechnology in the cancer therapy has produced nano-based products that can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) cytotoxicity with in tumor cells only. Due to the double-edged nature of ROS, they advance proliferation and tumorigenesis, although at the same time they lead to increased oxidative stress, causing cell death. Although various anticancer drugs have been identified and used but due to their side effects and issue of multi-drug resistance, it will not be effective in treating cancer patients. Nanomaterials that alter the balance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancerous cells induce lipid peroxidation, which results in oxidative to proteins and DNA damage. Number of nanomaterials, for example, quantum dots, liposomes, dendrimers, silica nanomaterials, etc. embedded synthetic source or plant bio-active agents are used to overcome to ROS in tumor cells. Overall, this chapter includes a discussion of cancer, ROS, new advances in nanoparticles, different types of nanoparticles, and explains their use in cancer.KeywordsReactive oxygen speciesCancerAntioxidantNanoparticlesCell death
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