Nanotechnology Breakthroughs in the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease

Abstract

Dear Sir, Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is an advancing neurological condition marked by diminishing cognitive functions, memory deterioration, and diminished functional skills. It stands as the primary contributor to dementia, encompassing roughly 60-80% of dementia occurrences. Generally affecting the elderly population, particularly those aged 65 and above (10%), and even more prominently in individuals aged 85 and older (30%), the likelihood of developing AD escalates with advancing age. The Key pathological features of AD include the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, tau protein build-up, oxidative stress, and immune inflammation. The complexity and unclear nature of AD's pathogenesis make early detection and timely treatment difficult. Nanotechnology, with its distinct physical, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, shows significant promise in AD detection and treatment. We have explored the recent advancements in applications of nanoparticles (NPs) for AD detection. Additionally, we emphasize significant progress in nanotechnology-based treatment strategies, and challenges and propose future directions for nanotechnology in AD diagnosis and intervention1.