Abstract
The productivity of vegetable crops is constrained by insect pests. The search for alternative insect pest control is becoming increasingly important and is including the use of plant-derived pesticides. Plant-derived pesticides are reported as effective in controlling various insect pests through natural mechanisms, with biodegradable organic materials, diverse bioactivity, and low toxicity to non-target organisms. An antifeedant approach for insect control in crop management has been comprehensively studied by many researchers, though it has only been restricted to plant-based compounds and to the laboratory level at least. Nano-delivery formulations of biopesticides offer a wide variety of benefits, including increased effectiveness and efficiency (well-dispersion, wettability, and target delivery) with the improved properties of the antifeedant. This review paper evaluates the role of the nano-delivery system in antifeedant obtained from various plant extracts. The evaluation includes the research progress of antifeedant-based nano-delivery systems and the bioactivity performances of different types of nano-carrier formulations against various insect pests. An antifeedant nano-delivery system can increase their bioactivities, such as increasing sublethal bioactivity or reducing toxicity levels in both crude extracts/essential oils (EOs) and pure compounds. However, the plant-based antifeedant requires nanotechnological development to improve the nano-delivery systems regarding properties related to the bioactive functionality and the target site of insect pests. It is highlighted that the formulation of plant extracts creates a forthcoming insight for a field-scale application of this nano-delivery antifeedant due to the possible economic production process.
Highlights
In studies focusing on pest control strategies using botanical pesticides developed in nanoparticular, it discusses the improvement in properties for the effectiveness and efficiency of delivery formulas
While nanospheres are designed as dense spherical vesicular systems in which active compounds are evenly distributed via adsorption or trapping in the nanomatrix/polymer, the cross-linked nanoparticles of the entrapped active compounds are mediated by ligands that act as sensors or markers for specific receptor molecules in targeted delivery
The results show a significantly enhanced antifeedant activity in a strong category at LC50 value 0.39% concentration treatments against Crocidolomia larvae
Summary
The advantages of a nanotechnology-based formulation for antifeedant provide an alternative to prevent the negative impact of synthetic insecticides that may cause pest resistance. This review discusses several recent pest control strategies using botanical pesticides developed in nano-delivery formulas. In studies focusing on pest control strategies using botanical pesticides developed in nanoparticular, it discusses the improvement in properties for the effectiveness and efficiency of delivery formulas. It discusses the improvement in properties for the antifeedants in controlling insect pests. The provides a strategy in pest control to overcome insect resistance due to the dependence review is a scoping review, which was compiled using references (last 10 years) from major on using synthetic. Based on scoping areas of research in the field of nano-biopesticides delivery and antifeedant-based nanoformulation
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