Abstract
The interest in wound healing characteristics of bioactive constituents and therapeutic agents, especially natural compounds, is increasing because of their therapeutic properties, cost-effectiveness, and few adverse effects. Lately, nanocarriers as a drug delivery system have been actively investigated and applied in medical and therapeutic applications. In recent decades, researchers have investigated the incorporation of natural or synthetic substances into novel bioactive electrospun nanofibrous architectures produced by the electrospinning method for skin substitutes. Therefore, the development of nanotechnology in the area of dressings that could provide higher performance and a synergistic effect for wound healing is needed. Natural compounds with antimicrobial, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activity in combination with nanostructured fibers represent a future approach due to the increased wound healing process and regeneration of the lost tissue. This paper presents different approaches in producing electrospun nanofibers, highlighting the electrospinning process used in fabricating innovative wound dressings that are able to release natural and/or synthetic substances in a controlled way, thus enhancing the healing process.
Highlights
Skin wounds are a type of injury which disrupt the structure of the tissue and lead to an abnormal behavior
A great interest has been given to the production of nanofibrous materials, due to their various and useful applications in biomedical and industrial fields
The results showed an increased release of CF within first 24 h for chitosan-polyethylene oxide (CS-PEO) mats loaded with 2.5% CF and a burst release in the first 6 h for CS-PEO mats loaded with 1% F. silica-0.5% CF nanoparticles, but afterwards the drug release was gradually made
Summary
Skin wounds are a type of injury which disrupt the structure of the tissue and lead to an abnormal behavior. Researchers have focused on developing modern nanofiber-based dressings that can mimic the native dermal extracellular matrix (ECM) and have the role of establishing and maintaining an optimal environment for wound repair [4]. These nanofibers have the ability to release active substances, such as natural or synthetic antimicrobials or different agents with intrinsic bacteriostatic and/or bactericidal activity able to stimulate the healing process. The incorporation of various therapeutic substances (natural or synthetic) into such structures could accelerate the healing process of the wounds and regeneration of the lost tissue providing synergistic effect for wound healing applications [14,15]. The technology limitations, research challenges, and future trends are discussed
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