Abstract
The application potential of nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) in wastewater treatment is huge and has attracted a lot of attention. In this study, the composite material BC-nZVI was prepared by emulsion of nZVI and biomass-activated carbon (BC) under the mechanical agitation condition, and was characterized by SEM-EDX, XRD, XPS, and FTIR. The decontamination abilities of BC-nZVI were tested by the removal of total chromium (Cr) from electroplating wastewater. The results showed that the removal efficiencies of Cr in the electroplating wastewater by nZVI particles can be effectively improved when supported with BC, but cannot be improved in its storage capacity. The chemical adsorption process between the Cr and BC-nZVI is the main rate-limiting step in the removal of total Cr from wastewater, and multiple parameters such as dosage, pH, and initial concentration of Cr was found to affect the rate.
Highlights
Cr and its compounds are widely used in modern industry, and Cr pollutions of groundwater, surface water, and soil have become a highly regarded environmental issue, as a result of frequent leakage accidents and inefficient pollution control methods [1,2]
The nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) particles were spherical with a mean diameter of 40–80 nm
The nZVI particles distributed on the biomass activated carbon (BC) surface were few, after the cleaning treatment by deionized water
Summary
Cr and its compounds are widely used in modern industry, and Cr pollutions of groundwater, surface water, and soil have become a highly regarded environmental issue, as a result of frequent leakage accidents and inefficient pollution control methods [1,2]. As the oxidation states of chromium, Cr(VI) and Cr(III) have different chemical behaviors and biological toxicities [3], Cr(VI) with high oxidation properties is highly toxic to humans and can cause a range of health problems, such as liver damage and pulmonary congestion [4,5]. Cr(VI) is dominated as Cr2 O7 2− and HCrO4− in aqueous solutions, and is known for its high solubility in both acidic and alkaline solutions [6]. Reducing Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and removing Cr(III) by adsorption is considered to be a satisfactory solution [7,8,9]. Many methods have been applied for removing Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions, such as chemical reduction [10], ion exchange [11], precipitation [12], and adsorption [13]. The most common method is adsorption using alumina, clay, zeolite, and activated carbon as the adsorbing material [14,15]
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