Abstract
This review article considers the latest developments in the field of inorganic scintillation materials. Modern trends in the improvement of inorganic scintillation materials are based on engineering their features at the nanoscale level. The essential challenges to the fundamental steps of the technology of inorganic glass, glass ceramics, and ceramic scintillation materials are discussed. The advantage of co-precipitation over the solid-state synthesis of the raw material compositions, particularly those which include high vapor components is described. Methods to improve the scintillation parameters of the glass to the level of single crystals are considered. The move to crystalline systems with the compositional disorder to improve their scintillation properties is justified both theoretically and practically. A benefit of the implementation of the discussed matters into the technology of well-known glass and crystalline scintillation materials is demonstrated.
Highlights
Nowadays, inorganic scintillation materials play an important role in instruments for measuring ionizing radiation
We described key technological challenges and the possible resolution methods in the development and production of oxide inorganic scintillation materials
Tuning of the resonance conditions between Frenkel-type excitons, which are localized at the subnet, and electronic transitions of activating ions is a key tool to arrange for better properties in both crystalline materials and glasses
Summary
Inorganic scintillation materials play an important role in instruments for measuring ionizing radiation. New methods for producing bulk samples such as 3D printing [8] and the use of glass materials and their glass ceramics can significantly expand the range of products attractive to end-users In such materials, which are essentially composites, a number of problems arise which can be solved through optimization at the nano-level. These problems include the control of defects in both the region of the grain boundaries in crystals and the boundaries of the amorphous and crystalline phases in glass-ceramics Another trend that has emerged in the last few years is the application of new advances in the theory of inorganic scintillation materials to optimize their properties for specific applications [9]. These challenges include (i) the conservation of the stoichiometric composition of the material with high accuracy, (ii) control of the charge state of the activating ion in the material and grain boundaries, (iii) creation of the transport conditions for excitons in the glass, (iv) control of nonequilibrium carrier scattering in the materials to result in better luminosity and time resolution
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