Abstract
Scientific and practical goals led to growing interest to nanostructures formation on the surfaces and their analysis. In this chapter, we show some examples of studies of nanoripples formation on various surfaces using ultrashort laser pulses. Particularly, we discuss the peculiarities of nanoripples formation, fabrication of two-dimensional periodic nanostructures by two-beam interference of femtosecond pulses, narrow ripple nanostructuring of semiconductor surfaces under the action of short laser pulses, formation of different periodic nanostructures (ripples, holes, etc) on various semiconductors, as well as analyze the role of bandgaps of semiconductors on the nanoripple formation and show the recently developed method of extended homogeneous nanoripple formation during interaction of few-cycle pulses with a moving silicon wafer.
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