Nanoreactors Technology in Green Organic Synthesis

Abstract

Background: Nanoreactors technology represents a promising tool for efficient and selective organic synthesis typically under “green” and sustainable reaction conditions. These structures with generating a confined reaction environment to accommodate that both reactants and catalysts can change the reaction pathways and induce new activities and selectivities. Objective: The paper reviews literature examples in which nanoreactors were employed in various types of organic and metal catalyzed reactions including multicomponent reactions, palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions, olefin metathesis, aza-Cope rearrangement, allylic alcohol isomerization, cyclization reactions, ring opening reactions, halogenation reactions, hydrolysis reactions, hydroformylation reactions, cascade reactions, addition reactions, oxidation reactions and reduction reactions. The reactions' survey is accompanied with the explanation of structure and performance of nanoreactors that are applied there. Conclusion: The availability of comprehensive information about the role of nanoreactors technology in green organic synthesis and investigation of different aspects of them such as their structures, mechanisms and synthetic utility can assist researchers in designing the greener approaches in organic synthesis.