Abstract
Powder-mixed electrical discharge machining (PM-EDM) was conducted on biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys for biomedical applications. The Mg alloy AZ31B has shown outstanding mechanical properties, similar to human bone, and is lightweight. Efforts were made to enhance the EDM capabilities by a PM-EDM process using nanopowder mixed in the dielectric medium and copper tool electrode amid the machining of Mg alloy AZ31B, followed by investigating surface modification by minimum machining time, morphology, chemistry, topography and wettability of the surfaces. The surface produced by nano PM-EDM operation exhibits minimal cracks and craters, an acceptable range of recast layer thickness (2.4 − 2.7μm), satisfactory corrosion resistance and surface roughness (Ra = 2.87μm) as well as suitable hydrophobic behaviour (CA122q) and bioactivity with Ringer’s solution, suggesting an improvement in the degradation rate. Thus, PM-EDM-induced surface modification suggests the suitability of Mg alloy AZ31B as a biodegradable implant in adults and children.
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