Abstract
We introduce a nanopipette/quartz tuning fork (QTF)–atomic force microscope (AFM) for nanolithography and a nanorod/QTF–AFM for nanoscratching with in situ detection of shear dynamics during performance. Capillary-condensed nanoscale water meniscus-mediated and electric field-assisted small-volume liquid ejection and nanolithography in ambient conditions are performed at a low bias voltage (~10 V) via a nanopipette/QTF–AFM. We produce and analyze Au nanoparticle-aggregated nanowire by using nanomeniscus-based particle stacking via a nanopipette/QTF–AFM. In addition, we perform a nanoscratching technique using in situ detection of the mechanical interactions of shear dynamics via a nanorod/QTF–AFM with force sensor capability and high sensitivity.
Highlights
A nanopipette/nanorod is a tool for the control of micro/nanoscale objects and the investigation of their intrinsic properties in nanoscale science and technology, especially nanobiology [1,2]
We demonstrate nanofabrication via a nanopipette/QTF–atomic force microscope (AFM) with direct non-template fabrication and analyze Au nanoparticle-aggregated nanowire using nanomeniscus-based particle stacking in ambient conditions
Nanolithography, nanofabrication, nanoscratching, and sensing capability were demonstrated via Nanolithography, nanofabrication, nanoscratching, and sensing capability were demonstrated a nanopipette/nanorod QTF–AFM with precise control of the tip apex through the guidance of the via a nanopipette/nanorod QTF–AFM with precise control of the tip apex through the guidance of AFM
Summary
A nanopipette/nanorod is a tool for the control of micro/nanoscale objects and the investigation of their intrinsic properties in nanoscale science and technology, especially nanobiology [1,2]. They are used for biological or medical applications in the liquid/soft environment, such as biomolecule cell injection [3], manipulation of micro/nanoscale biomolecules [4], and nanobioengineering [5]. In the case of hard surfaces, the tip of the nanopipette/nanorod apex is broken by approaching the surface without the guidance of a precise distance-controlling apparatus for the purpose of nanolithography, such as an atomic force microscope (AFM). The conventional cantilever of an AFM cannot handle the relatively massive tip of the nanopipette and nanorod in the case of direct attachment onto the cantilever body due to geometrical issues (low stiffness under 100 N/m, tapping mode oscillation)
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