Nanoparticles shape effects on thermal performance of Brinkman-type ferrofluid under heat injection/consumption and thermal radiation: A fractional model with non-singular kernel and non-uniform temperature and velocity conditions

Abstract

The prime aim of this article is the construction of a fractional model to enhance the heat transfer rate for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) convectional transport of ferrofluid by applying the time-fractional concept of Caputo-Fabrizio derivative on Brinkman-type fluid model. Kerosene oil and water are considered to serve as carrier fluids for iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles of various non-spherical shapes (brick, cylinder, platelet, and blade). The non-uniform time-dependent motion of an unbounded upward plate causes to generate the flow of ferrofluid. The supplementary physical phenomena such as ramped heating, thermal radiation, and heat injection/consumption are also analyzed. In addition, the effectiveness of using differently shaped Fe3O4 nanoparticles for heat transfer and ferrofluid flow is evaluated. The exact solutions for non-integer order modeled differential equations are computed by employing the Laplace transform method. The comparative graphical illustrations for ramped and constant (isothermal) velocity and temperature conditions are prepared to scrutinize the impacts of several associated thermal and physical quantities. Besides, the outcomes of numerical simulations of Nusselt number and shear stress are communicated through multiple tables for an in-depth analysis. It is perceived that blade and platelet shaped Fe3O4 nanoparticles are more effective to enhance the thermal efficiency of Brinkman-type ferrofluid in contrast to cylinder and brick shaped nanoparticles. It is interesting to report that an improvement of 13.80% in Nusselt number is observed for water based ferrofluid that significantly advances its thermal properties. The fractional parameter γ produces inverse variations in momentum boundary layer thickness for isothermal and ramped plate cases. Additionally, velocity and temperature curves for ramped plate case are always lower than those of isothermal plate case. This fact highlights the importance of plate ramping in heat and flow control problems.