Nanoparticles phenomenon for the thermal management of wavy flow of a Carreau fluid through a three-dimensional channel

Abstract

A hybrid nanofluid phenomenon is considered involving nanoparticles since such particles are potential medication transportation devices in biomedical applications. Moreover, the expansion in heat transfer can be accomplished by refining either flow mechanism with geometry annoyance or thermal conductivity of the liquid itself. This motivation encourages the authors to discuss the three-dimensional study to analyze the peristaltic transport of Carreau nanofluid in a cross section of rectangular channel. This investigation may be helpful in physiology, chemical industries and biomedical apparatus, especially for the dismissal of cancerous cells where the heat convection would be followed by nanoparticles through three-dimensional tube/duct. In the current analysis, the constitutive equations are managed under the assumptions of long wave length and low Reynolds number assumptions. After making use of some suitable dimensionless quantities, we gathered the partial differential equations in nonlinear coupled form which are then handled by the homotopy perturbation method. The variational occurrence of all emerging parameters affecting the flow is analyzed through graphical treatment. Velocity distribution is also plotted for three dimensions. Trapping scheme is also presented through streamlines which implies the flow phenomenon through circulating empty bolus traveling toward the flow. A comparative analysis is also made to differentiate between the behavior of Newtonian and Carreau fluid model. On the other hand, the pumping rate of 3D rectangular channel is also contrasted with a 3D square duct. It is analyzed that peristaltic pumping rate is enhanced with the growing values of aspect ratio, power law index and local nanoparticles Grashof number; however, the inverse results are faced with Brownian motion factor and Weissenberg number. It is also visualized that pumping rate in 3D rectangular enclosure is higher than a square duct geometry.