Abstract
Globally, cancer is the second (to cardiovascular diseases) leading cause of death. Regardless of various efforts (i.e., finance, research, and workforce) to advance novel cancer theranostics (diagnosis and therapy), there have been few successful attempts towards ongoing clinical treatment options as a result of the complications posed by cancerous tumors. In recent years, the application of magnetic nanomedicine as theranostic devices has garnered enormous attention in cancer treatment research. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are capable of tuning the magnetic field in their environment, which positively impacts theranostic applications in nanomedicine significantly. MNPs are utilized as contrasting agents for cancer diagnosis, molecular imaging, hyperfusion region visualization, and T cell-based radiotherapy because of their interesting features of small size, high reactive surface area, target ability to cells, and functionalization capability. Radiolabelling of NPs is a powerful diagnostic approach in nuclear medicine imaging and therapy. The use of luminescent radioactive rhenium(I), 188/186Re, tricarbonyl complexes functionalised with magnetite Fe3O4 NPs in nanomedicine has improved the diagnosis and therapy of cancer tumors. This is because the combination of Re(I) with MNPs can improve low distribution and cell penetration into deeper tissues.
Highlights
Cancer is a well-known, complicated and multistage disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in the body [1]
Known as radiopharmaceuticals, involves the use of radioisotopes bound to biological molecules that are capable of targeting specific organs, tissues, or cells
Chemotherapy is an effective type of cancer treatment utilizing chemotherapeutic agents, which mostly function by impairing mitosis in rapidly dividing cancer cells
Summary
Cancer is a well-known, complicated and multistage disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in the body [1]. Known as radiopharmaceuticals, involves the use of radioisotopes bound to biological molecules that are capable of targeting specific organs, tissues, or cells. This field of medicine has been broadly studied as an advanced diagnostic tool where radionuclides are introduced in vivo. Different nanotheranostics based on polymeric NPs have been manufactured and radiolabeled with available radionuclides of choice [9] Within these polymeric NPs, various techniques are utilized to diagnose and treat cancerous. Re(I) inert tricarbonyl complexescomplexes exhibit distinct properties, properties, depending on the nature of the ligands This is another reason they found a huge application as photosensitizers and bio-imaging agents [21]. Re(I) tricarbonyl complexes as a bimodal contrast agent for MRI and optical imaging of nanoparticles have been demonstrated by Carron et al, 2015 [22]
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