Abstract
Mechanisms of the formation of nanoparticles of some B2 shape memory intermetallic compounds, glass-forming Zr-based alloy, and pure Ti obtained by spark erosion method in liquid nitrogen and argon are considered. One of peculiarity is a foam-like structure, which covers the surface of micron-sized particles that appear during spark erosion. Such morphology is related to the nanosized particles gathered in agglomerates. Detailed examination of those particles allows proposed several mechanisms of their formation. The mechanisms explains two kinds of nanosized particles: particles of several tens and even hundreds of nanometers are formed due to explosion of molten droplets while the smaller particles having in turn a different structure and morphology are formed as a result of condensation of evaporated constituents under different conditions. The latter have the composition usually different from the target composition while the composition of the former is very close to the target (master alloy) composition.
Highlights
Shape memory materials (Ti-Ni-based, Ni-Mn-Ga, Ni-Al, Cu-Al-Ni) and high-temperature shape memory materials (Ti-Ni-Hf, Ti-Ni-Zr) have attractive perspectives for practical application with the use of the nanostructures of various kinds in
Different morphology and composition of nanosized particles obtained in cryogenic liquids during the spark erosion processing of the pre-alloyed material supposes several mechanisms of their formation
One of them relates to the condensation of the evaporated constituents of alloy under consideration, and the finest particles are the oxides of the components of the alloy rather than alloy itself
Summary
Shape memory materials (Ti-Ni-based, Ni-Mn-Ga, Ni-Al, Cu-Al-Ni) and high-temperature shape memory materials (Ti-Ni-Hf, Ti-Ni-Zr) have attractive perspectives for practical application with the use of the nanostructures of various kinds in . Their operation is closely connected with the fundamental problem of martensitic transformation in nanoscale objects like nanoparticles. The well-known method of gas or liquid atomization [1,2,3] is not suitable for the production of a significant amount of fine powder with particle sizes less than several microns. The yield of powder submicron- and nanosized alloys particles is considerably higher in mechanical alloying method [3,4,5,6].
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