Abstract
Aim(s) This article explores the application of mesalazine-loaded nanoparticles (MLZ-NPs) encapsulated in Abelmoschus esculentus plant polysaccharide-based pellets (MLZ-NPs-Pellets) for ulcerative colitis. Methods MLZ-NPs were prepared and evaluated for diameter, PDI, and entrapment efficiency. In-vitro efficacy study was conducted on Caco-2 cells. MLZ-NPs were encapsulated in polysaccharides to form MLZ-NPs-Pellets and characterised for efficacy in animals and targeting efficiency in human volunteers. Results Optimised batch of MLZ-NPs were characterised for diameter, PDI, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency which was found to be 145.42 ± 6.75 nm, 0.214 ± 0.049, −31.63 mV and 77.65 ± 2.33(%w/w) respectively. ROS, superoxide and NF-kβ were well controlled in Caco-2 cells when treated with MLZ-NPs. In-vivo data revealed that some parameters (body weight, colon length, lipid peroxidase, and glutathione) recovered significantly in the DSS-induced mice model treated with oral MLZ-NPs-Pellets. Gamma scintigraphy revealed that the formulation can effectively target the colon within 600 min. Conclusion MLZ-NPs-Pellets can be effectively used for microbial-triggered colon targeting approach in treating ulcerative colitis.
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