Abstract
There are several advantages of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) for nonmelanoma skin cancer treatment compared to conventional treatment techniques such as surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Among these advantages its noninvasive nature, the use of non ionizing radiation and its high selectivity can be mentioned. Despite all these advantages, the therapeutic efficiency of the current clinical protocol is not complete in all the patients and depends on the type of pathology. An adequate dosimetry is needed in order to personalize the protocol. There are strategies that try to overcome the current PDT shortcomings, such as the improvement of the photosensitizer accumulation in the target tissue, optical radiation distribution optimization or photochemical reactions maximization. These strategies can be further complemented by the use of nanostructures with conventional PDT. Customized dosimetry for nanoparticle-based PDT requires models in order to adjust parameters of different nature to get an optimal tumor removal. In this work, a predictive model of nanoparticle-based PDT is proposed and analyzed. Dosimetry in nanoparticle-based PDT is going to be influenced by photosensitizer-nanoparticle distribution in the malignant tissue, its influence in the optical radiation distribution and the subsequent photochemical reactions. Nanoparticles are considered as photosensitizer carriers on several types of non-melanoma skin cancer. Shielding effects are taken into account. The results allow to compare the estimated treatment outcome with and without nanoparticles.
Highlights
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is an optical treatment technique employed in several clinical areas
Emerging strategies to overcome these problems and provide an effective delivery of the photosensitizer to the target tissue include the use of nanoparticles (NPs) as an alternative to conventional molecular dye type photosensitizers [3]
The carcinoma optical properties were obtained at the wavelengths of interest to excite the photosensitizer molecules and trigger the photochemical reactions during PDT [14]
Summary
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is an optical treatment technique employed in several clinical areas. Its aim is to destroy malignant tissues. It consists of the administration of a photosensitive substance, which is activated by the subsequent irradiation of the tumoral area. Emerging strategies to overcome these problems and provide an effective delivery of the photosensitizer to the target tissue include the use of nanoparticles (NPs) as an alternative to conventional molecular dye type photosensitizers [3]. In this approach, the NPs carry photosensitizer molecules either encapsulated or covalently attached to their surface [4]
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