NANOPARTICLE SHAPE-FACTOR ANALYSIS ON RADIATIVE TERNARY NANOFLUID (MWCNT - Cu - SiO2/H2O) FLOW WITH NON-FOURIER THERMAL FLUX

Abstract

Research into the flow dynamics and heat-transfer characteristics of nanofluids has become notably important owing to their remarkable applications in engineering fields. The ternary hybrid nanofluid, an innovative class of nanofluid, has gathered attention for its improved thermal performance and finds applications in automotive cooling, thermal management, vehicle heaters, etc. Driven by these applications, the current investigation seeks to scrutinize the thermal transfer features of (MWCNT - Cu - SiO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O) ternary hybrid nanofluid past an elongated surface in a Darcy-Forchheimer medium. The influence of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux and dissipative effects are also examined. Further, the present study introduces a novel aspect by conducting a shape-factor analysis. An application of the appropriate similarity variables is made to transmute the governing system of partial differential equations (PDEs) into an ordinary differential system, whose numeric solution is determined by the bvp4c package in MATLAB. Amplifying the mixed convection and heat-generation parameter serves to augment the thermal profile of MWCNT - Cu - SiO<sub>2</sub>/ H<sub>2</sub>O. The thermal transfer rate enhances with the strengthening of the thermal relaxation parameter and radiation parameter. Also, the ternary hybrid nanofluid MWCNT - Cu - SiO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O incorporating lamina-shaped nanoparticles demonstrates a notable 15.21-19.6% surge in heat-transfer rate compared to platelet-shaped ones across distinct Rd values. Moreover, to verify the computational findings, a comparison was conducted with previously reported results, showing a high degree of agreement.