Abstract
Rise in drug resistance to conventional antimicrobial agents has created major healthcare threat and increased mortality risk globally. Some of the conventional antimicrobial agents fail to cross cell membranes of many of the pathogens, thus allowing pathogens to persist in the cells. The development of nanoparticle (NP) technology has enthused the researchers to explore promising nanoparticle drug conjugates owing to their appealing physicochemical and functional properties. Nanoparticle drug conjugates could potentially be able to overcome the challenges experienced by conventional antimicrobial and antiviral agents. This review aims to provide an overview of various nanoparticle drug conjugates as promising broad spectrum antimicrobial and antiviral agents and also provides recent reports on a number of antimicrobial and antiviral nanoparticles including anti-Covid-19 nanoparticles. Development of potent nanoparticle drug conjugates with multiple-functionality would revolutionize the clinical medicine and play a paramount role in diminishing the disease burden.
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