Abstract
In this review, we describe recent progress made in the study of nanoparticles characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). Basic principles of STM measurements and single-electron tunneling phenomena through a single NP are summarized. We highlight the results of electrical and photonic properties on NPs studied by STM and STS. Because nanoparticles are single-digit nanometre in diameter, a single-electron transport on individual nanoparticles such as Coulomb blockade and resonant tunneling through discrete energy levels are investigated. Photon-emission from NPs is also introduced based on STM measurements. Novel single-nanoparticle functions such as stochastic blinking and one-write erasing behaviours are presented. This review provides an overview of nanoparticle characterization methods based on STM and STS that include the detailed understanding of the electrical and photonics properties of nanoparticles.
Highlights
Binnig and Rohrer, at the IBM Zurich Research Laboratory in 1982 to observe the (110) surfaces of CaIrSn4 and Au.[1]
To elucidate the basic principles of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) measurements as as possible, we have introduced an approximation that the electric potential of an alkanethiol monolayer is nearly identical to that of the metal electrode (Au).[92]
In evaporated Au NPs on dodecanethiol/Au(111) surfaces, it was reported that the total resistances (R1 + R2) and the total capacitances (C1 + C2) of double-barrier tunneling junctions (DBTJ) can be controlled by changing the set-point current in the STM system.[72]
Summary
Binnig and Rohrer, at the IBM Zurich Research Laboratory in 1982 to observe the (110) surfaces of CaIrSn4 and Au.[1]. Shinya Kano received his PhD degree from the Department of Materials Science and Engineering from Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech) in 2013. He was a visiting researcher in the Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK, in 2013. He has been an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Kobe University, since 2014. His current research is on the application of functional nanomaterials to nanodevices. Recent literature describing methods for obtaining useful functions of NPs and their ligands is summarized
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