Abstract
A nanoparticle-based few-mode multi-core fiber (FM-MCF) localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensor is proposed and analyzed using the finite element method (FEM). It’s critical to narrow the loss spectrum and improve the coupling efficiency, which makes it have high resolution and high sensitivity. With the aid of open air holes, the gold nanoparticles are easily assembled on the surface of this FM-MCF LSPR biosensor. Through multiple investigations, the performance of the sensor can be improved by properly setting gold nanoparticle configurations, such as radius, positions, shapes, and nanoparticle arrays. The simulation results show that when three circular gold nanoparticles with a radius of 150 nm are placed symmetrically in the open air hole and the angle between adjacent nanoparticles is 5°, the maximum sensitivity of 7,351.6 nm/RIU (LP02y mode na = 1.38) can be obtained in the sensing range of 1.33–1.38, which covers the refractive index (RI) of biological fluids, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution and human Immunoglobulin G.
Highlights
Optical biosensors have shown good performance in detecting biological systems and have promoted major advances in clinical diagnosis, drug discovery, food safety, and environmental monitoring (Chiavaioli et al, 2017a; Zanchetta et al, 2017; Sinibaldi et al, 2018; Min Y, 2020) This is due to the high sensitivity, anti-interference, stability, low noise, and other advantages of optical signals
With the development of nanotechnology, biosensors based on Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) have attracted more attention from researchers (Chen et al, 2020; Li et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2020), LSPR phenomenon exists in metal nanoparticles (MNP) rather than bulk metals, the collective oscillation occurs when the conduction electrons in the nanoparticles have the same frequency as the incident photons
Loss spectra of the few-mode multi-core fiber (FM-multi-core fibers (MCFs)) LSPR sensor excited by fundamental mode (LP01y and LP01x) are presented in Figure 3, while biological liquid analyte refractive index (RI) is 1.33 and the radius of the gold nanoparticle is 110 nm
Summary
Optical biosensors have shown good performance in detecting biological systems and have promoted major advances in clinical diagnosis, drug discovery, food safety, and environmental monitoring (Chiavaioli et al, 2017a; Zanchetta et al, 2017; Sinibaldi et al, 2018; Min Y, 2020) This is due to the high sensitivity, anti-interference, stability, low noise, and other advantages of optical signals. Fiber sensor with open structure is more feasible, in which the groove channels can be covered or coated with nanoparticles In such design, the LSPR region is enlarged and the contact of the biological liquid analyte with the nanoparticles is unimpeded. To solve the above problems, we propose nanoparticle-based few-mode multi-core fiber (FM-MCF) LSPR biosensor with open air holes. The resonant wavelength of FM-MCF LSPR sensor will shift when the biological liquid analyte RI changes slightly. Where is the resonant wavelength shift of the loss peak, is the change of the biological liquid analyte RI
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