Abstract
Water quality has become one of the most critical issue of concern worldwide. The main challenge of the scientific community is to develop innovative and sustainable water treatment technologies with high efficiencies and low production costs. In recent years, the use of nanomaterials with magnetic properties used as adsorbents in the water decontamination process has received considerable attention since they can be easily separated and reused. This review focuses on the state-of-art of magnetic core–shell nanoparticles and nanocomposites developed for the adsorption of organic pollutants from water. Special attention is paid to magnetic nanoadsorbents based on silica, clay composites, carbonaceous materials, polymers and wastes. Furthermore, we compare different synthesis approaches and adsorption performance of every nanomaterials. The data gathered in this review will provide information for the further development of new efficient water treatment technologies.
Highlights
The deterioration of water quality by organic pollutants has become a global issue of concern that requires an effective solution
There are many review articles in the literature that cover the application of magnetic nanomaterials in the environmental field [13,14,17,20,21,22,23,24], we believe that more specific data gathering is still needed on the synthesis methods and properties of magnetic nanoadsorbents that have been developed so far, and their efficiencies and limitations in the water treatments
Different carbon-based materials have been utilized for adsorption of pollutants, including activated carbon, graphitized carbon black, porous carbon, graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), due to the versatility of types of interactions that can accomplish with pollutants, such as electrostatic, hydrophobic and π–π interactions [70]
Summary
The deterioration of water quality by organic pollutants has become a global issue of concern that requires an effective solution. There are many review articles in the literature that cover the application of magnetic nanomaterials in the environmental field [13,14,17,20,21,22,23,24], we believe that more specific data gathering is still needed on the synthesis methods and properties of magnetic nanoadsorbents that have been developed so far, and their efficiencies and limitations in the water treatments. This information will contribute to the field of rational design of nanomaterials for water treatment and will help in designing more efficient water treatment technologies to guarantee adequate water quality
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