Abstract
An upsurge in the multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pestilence is a global cause for concern in terms of human health. Lately, nanomaterials with photothermal effects have assisted in the efficient killing of MDR bacteria, attributable to their uncommon plasmonic, photocatalytic, and structural properties. Examinations of substantial amounts of photothermally enabled nanomaterials have shown bactericidal effects in an optimized time under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. In this review, we have compiled recent advances in photothermally enabled nanomaterials for antibacterial activities and their mechanisms. Photothermally enabled nanomaterials are classified into three groups, including metal-, carbon-, and polymer-based nanomaterials. Based on substantial accomplishments with photothermally enabled nanomaterials, we have inferred current trends and their prospective clinical applications.
Highlights
Bacterial infections constitute a serious threat to public health and remain a challenge for researchers
We summarize recent work, presenting an explanation of the synthesis principles and antibacterial mechanisms of nanomaterials and providing relevant results
A recent study revealed that Ag-NPs embedded in reduced graphene oxide (GO) (RGO/Ag) nanocomposites were effective and enhanced inhibition against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria under NIR laser light [70,71,72,73]
Summary
Bacterial infections constitute a serious threat to public health and remain a challenge for researchers. The long-term use of antibiotherapy, can cause discomfort and toxicity To overcome these issues, light-based treatments that utilize nanomaterials and their composites have been developed. Metal NPs possess five-times the absorption compared to organic ones, and much smaller amounts are needed [15] For many reasons, such as bacterial targeting and synergistic effects when utilizing heat and other bacterial toxicities, many metal nanocomposites have been prepared and their photothermal performances have been calibrated [16,17,18,19,20]. Another important group of photothermal agents comprises carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs). Directives are proposed according to current trends
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