Nanomaterials and nanofibers as wound dressing mats: An overview of the fundamentals, properties and applications

Abstract

Polymeric nanofibers can simply be fabricated through an electrospinning technique. The electrospinning process is one of the best usually utilized approaches to achieve continuous fibers in the nanosized form. Electrospinning has extended attractiveness because of its ease of use, simplicity and various applications. The electrospun fibers properties could be controlled via adjusting each procedure variables such as solution flow rate, applied voltage, as well as space between charged capillary and collector) or the properties of polymeric solution for example (e.g., molecular weight, concentration, surface tension, surface charge density, viscosity, solvent volatility, and conductivity). Furthermore, the used polymeric solution can be a polymeric melt, aqueous, or an emulsion, which give opportunity to diverse sorts of nanofiber construction. Also, by polarity inversion and by varying the collector design the properties of nanofiber can be improved. Moreover, polymeric fibers can be modified by incorporated through blending, surface modification or emulsion formation. The nanofibers were modified to provide manifold drugs, as well as multilayer polymer coating lets continuous release of the combined active moiety. Electrospun nanofibers fabricated from different polymers are utilized to realize anticancer agents and antibiotic, DNA, RNA, as well as growth factors. The current review delivers a collecting of some work concerning the usage of electrospun fibers in drug delivery with a special emphasis on electrospun nanofibers impregnated with nanoparticles also electrospun nanofibers in biomedical applications such as wound dressings prevents infection and speeds up the healing process.