Abstract
One of the major causes of women’s death in the world is breast cancer. Consequently, numerous regimens for the control of this severe disease have been created. The chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX) is frequently used to treat breast cancer, but DOX can also cause cardiotoxic effects that lead to heart failure. Therefore, many research studies have been done to find a natural product that effectively potentiates or does not interfere with DOX’s anticancer effect and protects against its cardiotoxicity. We studied the impact of combined nanoformulated Ajwa (Phoenix dactylifera) selected bioactive compounds (BAC) rutin (R) and quercetin (Q) in nude mice breast cancer xenografts on DOX-mediated anticancer efficacy. We also studied if this Ajwa BAC could safeguard against DOX-mediated cardiomyopathies by evaluating plasma cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I) levels and cardiac histopathology. Nanoformulated Ajwa BAC effectively alleviated weight loss induced by DOX in mice and significantly decreased the elevated cTn-I. Furthermore, 5 mg RQ-NPs/kg of nude mice that subcutaneously daily injected for 11 days, attenuated the histopathological alterations induced in cardiac muscles due to DOX without any interference with the anticancer effects of DOX against breast cancer.
Highlights
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women and is a major public health problem [1]
The chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) causes anticancer activity by the induction of DNA damage and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [6], which lead to cell cycle arrest
Tumor volumes of mice in the DOX treated group were significantly decreased on Days 7 and 11 (p < 0.01), while in the R- and Q-nanoparticles (RQ-NPs) group, the tumor volumes had no differences in comparison with the control (Figure 3)
Summary
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women and is a major public health problem [1]. DOX is the most efficient and frequently used dose-based and essentially irreversible cardiotoxicity, leading toits cardiomyopathy andiscongestive anthracycline drug against multiple malignancies. Phoenix dactylifera contains phytochemical constituents including and flavonoids amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals [12]. Such as quercetin (Q) and rutin (R). Nanoformulation enhances the delivery of natural compounds to fight cancer of drugs such as non-specific targeting, water solubility inadequacy, and low oral bioavailability [17,18,19]. The current study compounds investigated (BAC), namely R and Q, on DOX anticancer efficacy and safety (DOX-mediated cardiac toxicity) in the potential effect of nanoformulated Ajwa bioactive compounds (BAC), namely R and Q, on DOX transplanted MCF7 breast cancer. Anticancer efficacy and safety (DOX-mediated cardiac toxicity) in transplanted MCF7 breast cancer
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