Abstract
Natural circulation loops (NCLs) are one of the passive systems which can transfer heat from a hot medium to a cold one by natural convection. Density gradient can be caused by temperature gradient in single-phase NCLs (SPNCLs) and phase change in two-phase NCLs. This chapter presents a general description of SPNCLs considering their geometry, working fluids used, efficiency, and stability issues. It provides the details of nanofluid-based SPNCLs and miniaturized SPNCLs. SPNCLs has been built in different geometries for interested applications. SPNCLs are suffering from instabilities because of weak driving force and non-linear nature. SPNCLs have many research issues to improve their performance. SPNCLs are passive systems in which temperature gradient causes the density gradient which generates buoyancy force and drives the system without any external power source. Several studies on nanofluid-based SPNCLs exist in the literature, they have mentioned that nanofluids propose the enhanced effectiveness and improved stability to the SPNCLs.
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