Abstract
The current article incorporates the numerical investigation of heat exchange rate and skin friction carried out through nanofluid saturated with thermally balanced porous medium over a rough horizontal surface that follows the sinusoidal waves. The effects of the external magnetic field are discussed by managing the magnetic field strength applied normally to the flow pattern. The occurring partial differential governing equations are grasped through a strong numerical scheme of the Keller box method (KBM) against the various parameters. The findings are elaborated through tables and diagrams of velocity, temperature, skin friction, Nusselt number, streamlines, and heat lines. The percentage increase in Nusselt number and coefficient of skin friction over the flat and wavy surface is calculated which leads to the conclusion that the copper (Cu) nanoparticles are better selected as compared to the silver (Ag) for heat transfer enhancement. It is also evident from sketches that the current analysis can be used to enhance the surface drag force by means of nanoparticles. It is a matter of interest that the magnetic field can be used to manage the heat transfer rate in such a complicated surface flow. The current readings have been found accurate and valid when compared with the existing literature.
Highlights
Heat flow augmentation is a major interest in industry, scientific, and engineering research
Block tri-diagonal procedure is applied after writing in matrix vector form which is solved by using block tri diagonal procedure, which contains two sweeps, i.e., forward and backward
We preformed runs of various step sizes for η and ξ parameters and observed that an accuracy achieved for numerical values of –C f &Nu are up to 10−4
Summary
Heat flow augmentation is a major interest in industry, scientific, and engineering research. The role of heat transfer has much importance in the natural system and all devices such as chemical processing, heat exchangers, high-performance gas turbines, energy devices, and general manufacturing. The involvement of nanofluid makes enhancement in Nusselt number which adds an essential contribution in the discipline of mechanical sciences such as solar energy systems, thermal storage systems, nuclear reactors’ cooling, reducing the temperature of electronic devices and turbomachinery, etc. The analysis of heat exchange flows across the porous space has due importance for its vast implementation in the field of technological processes such as packed bed reactors, recovery of petroleum resources, heat insulation, drying technology, and nuclear waste repository, etc. In high temperatures and friction, nanofluid can be used in cooling the machinery and equipment
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