Abstract
Viscous nanofluid flow due to a sheet moving with constant speed in an otherwise quiescent medium is studied for three types of nanofluids, such as alumina (Al2O3), titania (TiO2), and magnetite (Fe3O4), in a base fluid of water. The heat and mass transfer characteristics are investigated theoretically using the boundary layer theory and numerically with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient, and local Nusselt number are determined. The obtained results are in good agreement with known results from the literature. It is found that the obtained results for skin friction and for the Nusselt number are slightly greater than those obtained via boundary layer theory.
Highlights
IntroductionThe name of the boundary layer comes from Prandtl, and in this layer we find a significant change in velocity, such as a layer close to the surface of a solid body
The development of boundary layer theory was initiated by Ludwig Prandtl [1] in the early 1900s, and many world-renowned scientists, including Blasius [2], have worked on further development.The name of the boundary layer comes from Prandtl, and in this layer we find a significant change in velocity, such as a layer close to the surface of a solid body
Processes 2020, 827 simulations have been performed for the laminar nanofluid flow, according to7Figure of 16 5, and Equations (1)–(3) were discretized and solved using ANSYS 18
Summary
The name of the boundary layer comes from Prandtl, and in this layer we find a significant change in velocity, such as a layer close to the surface of a solid body. There is another type of boundary layer, and in addition to the change in velocity, a thermal boundary layer can be defined based on the change in temperature. Prandtl’s theory led to the conclusion that the losses of fluid flowing in a pipe or duct occur almost entirely in the usually very thin boundary layer adhering to the wall. The analytical solution to the boundary layer problem comes from Blasius introducing the similarity method [3]. The surface-driven flow in a resting fluid plays an important role in many material processing processes, e.g., hot rolling, metalworking, and continuous casting (see [4,5,6])
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