Abstract
The present work is a numerical investigation of the effect of laminar natural convection flow of nano fluid taking Cu nano particles and the water as based fluid on a vertical cylinder in presence of magnetohydrodynamics. The governing equations which used are continuity, momentum and energy equations. These equations are transformed to dimensionless equations using vorticity-stream function method and the resulting nonlinear system of partial differential equations are then solved numerically using finite difference approximation. A thermal boundary condition of a constant wall temperature is considered. A computer program was built to calculate the rate of heat transfer in terms of average Nusselt number, velocity distribution as well as temperature distribution for magnetohydrodynamics range of and the volume fraction . Numerical solution have been considered for a fluid Prandtl number fixed at (Pr = 6.2), Rayleigh number . The results show that Nu increase with increasing Ral and M and increased with the particle volume fraction up to φ = 0.15 then decreased due to viscosity and agglomeration effect. The effect of Rayleigh number and magnetohydrodynamics on the rate of heat transfer is concluded by a correlation equation.
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