Nanoengineering of mono (Au, Ag) and bimetallic (Ag-Au) alloy nanoparticles for dye degradation and toxicity assessment

Abstract

This research entails the synthesis and catalytic exploration of bimetallic nanoparticles combining silver (Ag) and gold (Au). The Au concentration was systematically varied (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%), alongside the utilization of CTAB surfactant for nanoparticle stabilization. UV visible spectroscopic analysis confirmed the formation and stability of synthesized Au, Ag and bimetallic (Ag-Au) nanoparticles. FESEM further confirmed the formation of uniform sized Au and Ag nanoparticles. Integration of Au into Ag resulted in bimetallic (Ag-Au) alloy nanoparticles with smaller dimensions as compared to individual Au and Ag nanoparticles. EDX spectra and mapping verified the composition of each synthesized bimetallic nanoparticle variant. The catalytic potential of the synthesized nanoparticles was methodically explored using UV–visible spectroscopy. All the synthesized nanoparticles showcased excellent catalytic efficacy. The synergistic effect of the alloyed bimetallic nanoparticles was found promising. Assessment of dye toxicity pre- and post-degradation was conducted using the ECOSAR program, indicating a reduction in dye toxicity following degradation.