Nanoencapsulation of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil into Chitosan crosslinked to Tripolyphosphate nanoparticles and Alginate/Chitosan nanoparticles: Formulation, characterization, in vitro release study, and in vivo evaluation

Abstract

This study delves into the intricate realm of nanoencapsulation, focusing on the application of chitosan crosslinked to TPP and alginate/chitosan-based nanoparticles to encapsulate Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. The core objective was to unravel the potential pharmacological merits and controlled release dynamics underpinning this novel encapsulation technique. The experimental results painted a compelling portrait of rosemary oil, showcasing its multifaceted efficacy as an antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant agent. In the realm of nanotechnology, we were able to formulate nanoparticles under 100 nm, demonstrating exceptional stability. A pivotal aspect of this research revolved around encapsulation efficiency, determined via UV-vis spectroscopy. The results proved staggering, illustrating an encapsulation rate surpassing the 98% benchmark, ensuring minimal essential oil wastage. In vitro assays illuminated the controlled, sustained release attributes of the encapsulated essential oil, thereby further substantiating the potential of this encapsulation approach. FTIR analysis provided insights into the intricate interactions transpiring within these nanoparticles. Venturing into living organisms, our comprehensive in vivo assessments confirmed the significant analgesic activity of our nanoparticles encapsulating rosemary essential oil. This revelation opens exciting prospects for therapeutic applications. Microscopic observations into the SEM solidified the presence and even distribution of these nanoparticles. These compelling findings chart new avenues for the development of more potent, precisely targeted pharmaceutical interventions.
 Keywords: Rosemary essential oil, chitosan, sodium alginate, polymeric nanoparticles, nanoencapsulation