Abstract
Nanoencapsulation with proteoliposomes from natural membranes has been proposed as a carrier for the highly efficient delivery of mineral nutrients into plant tissues. Since Boron deficiency occurred frequently in crops, and is an element with low movement in tissues, in this work, nanoencapsulated B vs free B was applied to in vitro sweet potato plants to investigate the regulation of B transporters (aquaporins and specific transporters). Additionally, an metabolomic analysis was performed, and mineral nutrient and pigment concentrations were determined. The results showed high increases in B concentration in leaves when B was applied as encapsulated, but also Fe and Mn concentration increased. Likewise, the metabolomics study showed that single carbohydrates of these plants could be related to the energy need for increasing the expression of most NIP aquaporins (NIP1;2, NIP1;3; NIP4;1, NIP4;2, NIP5;1, NIP6;1, and NIP7) and boron transporters (BOR2, BOR4 and BOR7;1). Therefore, the results were associated with the higher mobility of encapsulated B into leaves and the stimulation of transport into cells, since after applying encapsulated B, the aforementioned NIPs and BORs increased in expression.
Highlights
Sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) are considered to be a major food crop worldwide, and it is widely produced and consumed globally
Apart from the edible root, sweet potato leaves are consumed as a leafy vegetable by humans, and the crop is currently widely used for food due to its high yield, drought tolerance, and the ability to grow in different climates and farming systems
According to the B concentration found in the leaves of sweet potatoes tested in the present study, it was observed that it was higher after B application, but to a higher extent when B was supplied in a nanoencapsulated form
Summary
Sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) are considered to be a major food crop worldwide, and it is widely produced and consumed globally. The aim of micropropagation is the rapid clonal multiplication of plants free of diseases and pests. With this technique, many plants are produced, with all of the clones having the genetic characteristics of the original plant [4]. Many plants are produced, with all of the clones having the genetic characteristics of the original plant [4] In this way, plants can be grown in a controlled environment free from genetic and weather alterations. The possibility of studying organized tissues such as shoots, meristems, and embryos makes this technique a fundamental tool for metabolomics and transcriptomics assays [6,7]
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