Abstract
Outbreaks of diseases pose a major threat to sustainable aquaculture development worldwide. Application of herbal products to combat parasitic diseases provides an alternative approach for sustainable aquaculture. This study investigated the invitro antiparasitic effects of an oil-in-water nanoemulsion prepared using the essential oil from Pterodon emarginatus, against monogeneans infesting Colossoma macropomum. Gill arches from C.macropomum (47.6±14.5g and 13.5±1.4cm) that were naturally parasitized by Anacanthorus spathulatus, Notozothecium janauachensis and Mymarothecium boegeri were immersed in different dispersions of the P.emarginatus nanoemulsions (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 600mg/L). The major compounds presented in the essential oil of P.emarginatus were β-elemene, β-caryophyllene and α-humulene. Characterization of these nanoemulsions showed that they have a small mean droplet size and low polydispersity index, which is concordant with stable systems. In this invitro trial, the P.emarginatus nanoemulsion concentrations of 100, 200, 400 and 600mg/L presented 100% helminthic efficacy against monogeneans of the gills of C.macropomum. The highest two concentrations used (400 and 600mg/L) were seen to immobilize the parasites after only 15min. Therefore, it would be worthwhile testing these concentrations in therapeutic baths against monogeneans of C.macropomum.
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