Abstract
Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are devices integrating electrical and mechanical functionality on the nanoscale. Because of individual electron tunneling, such systems can show rich self-induced, highly non-linear dynamics. We show theoretically that rotor shuttles, fundamental NEMS without intrinsic frequencies, are able to rectify an oscillatory bias voltage over a wide range of external parameters in a highly controlled manner, even if subject to the stochastic nature of electron tunneling and thermal noise. Supplemented by a simple analytic model, we identify different operational modes of charge rectification. Intriguingly, the direction of the current depends sensitively on the external parameters.
Highlights
Growing technological abilities have resulted in fabricating devices with sizes below micrometers [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
While the dynamics of the former are mainly determined by the intrinsic frequency of the oscillator, the lack of such a frequency in the latter leads to complex and rich dynamics, which allow the rotor to act as a motor, sensor, or electron pump [25,26]
In the following we develop a basic model of the rotor shuttle, which includes the most important features of the rectifier and promotes a clear understanding of the rectification mechanism
Summary
Wächtler ,1,* Alan Celestino, Alexander Croy ,2 and Alexander Eisfeld1 1Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany 2Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany (Received 21 March 2021; revised 7 June 2021; accepted 12 July 2021; published 27 July 2021). Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are devices integrating electrical and mechanical functionality on the nanoscale. Because of individual electron tunneling, such systems can show rich self-induced, highly nonlinear dynamics. We show theoretically that rotor shuttles, fundamental NEMS without intrinsic frequencies, are able to rectify an oscillatory bias voltage over a wide range of external parameters in a highly controlled manner, even if subject to the stochastic nature of electron tunneling and thermal noise. The direction of the current depends sensitively on the external parameters
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