Abstract
Composites of sulfur with nanocrystalline TiO2, Li4Ti5O12, and carbon were prepared by melting diffusion and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. XRD analysis was hindered by overlap of the majority of diagnostic peaks of TiO2 with diffraction peaks of sulfur. Raman spectroscopy indicates strong attenuation of sulfur-related modes, if S is encapsulated in porous carbonaceous material or coated with conductive carbonaceous additive in thin film electrode. In turn, this effect proves perfect accommodation of S inside pores of the carbonaceous skeleton. The best electrochemical performance of a composite of nanocrystalline TiO2 with sulfur was ascribed to large surface area of the host enabling even coverage of its surface by adsorbed sulfur. TiCl4 post treatment had negative effect on electrochemical performance of modified electrodes.
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