Abstract
The present study presents the effective use of nanocrystalline akaganeite for the adsorption of an anionic (SDS), a cationic (CTAB), and a nonionic (tween80) surfactant from wastewater. Equilibrium experiments, as well as thermodynamic analysis, were performed. The maximum SDS adsorption occurs at the lowest pH value (5), the opposite is observed for CTAB (pH = 11), while for tween80, the change of pH value did not affect the adsorption. The equilibrium data could be described by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacity at 25 °C (pH = 8) was 823.96 mg/g for SDS, 1007.93 mg/g for CTAB, and 699.03 mg/g for tween80. The thermodynamic parameters revealed the exothermic and spontaneity nature of the process. Also, FTIR measurements established that surfactants are adsorbed on the surface of akaganeite, replacing adsorbed water.
Highlights
Surfactants are amphiphilic compounds that contain a hydrophobic portion, which effectively repels water molecules, and a hydrophilic portion that attracts the water molecules
Since the removal of surfactants by iron oxides have not been studied in the literature yet, the overall objective of the current paper is to examine the adsorption ability of akaganeite for an anionic, a cationic and a nonionic surfactant
The maximum SDS adsorption occurs at the lowest pH value (Figure 2a)
Summary
Surfactants are amphiphilic compounds that contain a hydrophobic portion, which effectively repels water molecules, and a hydrophilic portion that attracts the water molecules. They have effects such as break-up of the chlorophyll–protein complex, death of the cell by damaging the membrane, in addition to delay in metabolism and growth [8] From this perspective, surfactants should be removed from selected stages of the industrial process or wastewater emission systems. The adsorption efficiency of akaganeite for surfactants needs to be examined, since it produces new hybrid surfactant modified materials that can be used for the removal of pentavalent [17,26] and trivalent arsenic [27,28], zinc and cadmium cations [29], phosphate anions [18] from water or wastewater, with much higher adsorption capacity as compared to pure akaganeite and to other adsorbents found in the literature
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