Abstract
Nanocomposite films based on poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene) (PEDOT), functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes and different dopants were studied. It was fabricated by a simple oxidative electropolymerization method. The dopant substances used were SDS (Sodium dodecyl sulfate) and tiron (1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonic acid disodium salt hydrate). These nano-composite films were grown electrochemically from aqueous solutions such that constituents were deposited simultaneously onto substrate electrode. The synthetic, morphological and electrical properties of the nanocomposite films obtained were compared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the composite films consisted of nanoporous networks of SWCNTS (single-walled carbon nanotubes) coated with polymeric film. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), electro-chemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and FT-IR spectroscopy demonstrated that these composite films had similar electrochemical response rates to pure polymeric films but a lower resistance and much improved mechanical integrity. The negatively charged functionalized carbon nano-tubes (CNTSF) served as anionic dopant during the electropolymerization to synthesize polymer/CNTSF composite films. The specific electrochemical capacitance of the composite films is a significantly higher value than that for pure polymer films prepared similarly. Using these composite films, the modified electrodes with improved properties were obtained. (In this paper, for simplicity, the SWANTs-COOH group will be noted CNTsF which means functionalized carbon nanotubes.)
Highlights
As a result of the first report concerning the preparation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/polymer composite like that many efforts have been made to combine CNTs and polymers to produce functional composite materials with superior properties [1]-[4]
It was demonstrated that SWCNTs-COOH showed an improved sensor performance compared to unfunctionalized SWCNTs because polycarboxylic acid is an conductive organic compound in its own right
The Nyquist plots for both PEDOT, PEDOT/SWCNTs-COOH and PEDOT/SWCNTs-COOH/dopant composite films are featured by a vertical trend at low frequencies, indicating a capacitive behaviour according to the equivalent circuit theory
Summary
As a result of the first report concerning the preparation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/polymer composite like that many efforts have been made to combine CNTs and polymers to produce functional composite materials with superior properties [1]-[4]. Composite material based on the coupling of conducting organic polymers (CPs) and CNTs have shown that they possess properties of the individual components with a synergistic effect [9]. In this context, a special attention has been paid to the following CPs: polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPY), polythiophene (PTh) [10]-[13] etc. It has been demonstrated that the chemical functionalization affects the CNTs rope size and results in exfoliation into smaller bundles and individual nanotubes These issues are especially important for the fabrication of high-performance composite materials. In this study is described electrochemical synthesis of nanocomposite films from conducting polymers and functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (FSWCNTs) with different dopants and electrochemical characterization of these nanocomposites by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), have been presented in this paper
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