Abstract
Nanocomposites are substances that incorporate nanoparticles (0.5-5% by weight) into a matrix of standard material, which enhances the mechanical strength, toughness including thermal or electrical conductivity and other properties. Nanocomposites are versatile in terms of their applications such as anti-corrosive, healing of bones, sensors, environmental protection, packaging, wastewater treatment, and diagnosis of tumors and other diverse uses. They may be fabricated by blending nanofillers with a polymer to produce a composite. The current trend of processing is by polymerizing monomers. Nanocomposites serve as sustainable solutions to curb global issues. Evaluation is performed on properties such as mechanical, thermal, dispersion, and toxicological. Some marketed products of nanocomposites include In Mat (coating), FiltekZ350 XT by 3M (tooth fillers), chitosan/organic rectorite nanocomposite films (bactericidal activity), graphene oxide/Carboxymethylcellulose (targeted drug delivery of anti-cancer drug doxorubicin), MD1 Flex, Nano Clean MD1, Plactive TM (Antimicrobial nanocomposites) and NovaProTM(Tooth fillers). This article discusses about Nanocomposites–their types, preparation methods, recent research and applications.
Highlights
For a nanocomposite, when two of its mechanical properties and chemical stability, the dimensions are in the order of a nanometer scale while interest in reinforcing Metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNC) with nano-Carbon materials has developed rapidly
The present market exists in the areas of Packaging, Automotive, Electronics and Semiconductors, Coating, Aerospace & Defence, Energy, Others (Marine, Biomedical, Industrial)[1]
In addition to the market for the constituents of nanocomposites like combined.5 Example of metals nanotubes (CNT), Graphene, clays, etc., commercialization has progressed in products like InMat[64], FiltekZ350 XT by 3M65, chitosan/organic rectorite nanocomposite films (Bactericidal activity), graphene oxide/
Summary
In the world of material science, ‘composites’ are those types of materials that are prepared employing two or more substances - termed as matrix and reinforcement substances, which show distinct properties at the macro level, but upon combination yield materials with behaviours/ properties unlike those. The physicist Richard Feynman about nanotechnology is components include organic substance for eg. Seeing a new era in the material science in the form cellulose, chitin, collagen, and proteoglycans, and of nanocomposites. Bone for example is an specific property of the material. The organic-inorganic mixture of with collagen as the perception of acquiring design uniqueness and property organic substance and hydroxyapatite as the combinations that are not found in conventional inorganic counterpart. Nanocomposites can be developed from a versatile materials from polymers to bacterial celluloses and nanoparticles. A particle is a three dimensional entity. Thermal stability, flame retarding nature, other nanosystem, nanocomposites too can be higher chemical resistance and high electrical classified based on number of dimensions of the conductivity.
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