Abstract
Design of functional materials it is of great importance to address important problems in the areas of health and environment. In the present work, the synthesis and application of poly-meric nanocomposite materials with poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and modified nanoclay (cloisite 20A) with 1,4-diaminobutane dihydrochloride at different reaction times were studied. The concentra-tions of the nanoclays in the PLA matrix were 0.5, 1 and, 5% by weight (wt%). TGA showed that sample C20AM 120 (120 min of treatment) obtained the highest degree of modification considering the weight losses of the analyzed samples. An FT-IR signal at 1443 cm−1 suggests that the organic modifier is intercalated between the galleries of the clay. XRD, SEM and XPS suggest good disper-sion at low concentrations of the nanoclay. Adsorption tests revealed that the highest percentage of removal of uremic toxins and methylene blue was the sample with 5% wt/wt chemically modified nanoclay, suggesting good affinity between the modified nanoclays in the PLA matrix with the nitrogenous compounds.
Highlights
There are pollutants that are very harmful to humans, both in the blood and in water that contain nitrogen groups; these pollutants directly or indirectly affect the health of people and their environment
Nanoclay [34], in this study, unmodified nanoclay begins its decomposition at 210 ◦ C, while the modified one presented a decomposition temperature of 196 to 198 ◦ C
In the case of the unmodified nanoclay, the first weight loss occurred from 210 ◦ C to 423 ◦ C with a loss of 30% in weight, this is due to the thermal degradation of the nanoclay
Summary
There are pollutants that are very harmful to humans, both in the blood (uremic toxins) and in water (methylene blue) that contain nitrogen groups; these pollutants directly or indirectly affect the health of people and their environment. A wide variety of membranes are prepared based on synthetic polymers, which take thousands of years to degrade generating contamination of different kinds. For these reason, in recent years different biodegradable polymers have been studied, to be used as media filters and applied at an industrial level depending on the manufacturing process [5,6,7]
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