Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are inorganic and biocompatible nanovehicles capable of conjugating biomolecules to enhance their efficacy in cancer treatment. The high and reactive surface area provides good advantages for conjugating active compounds. Two approaches were developed in this work to improve the Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) antioxidant efficacy. AuNPs were synthesized by reducing gold salt with chitosan. One other nanosystem was developed by functionalizing AuNPs with cysteamine using the Turkevitch method. The physico-chemical characterization of EGCG conjugated in the two nanosystems-based gold nanoparticles was achieved. The in vitro toxic effect induced by the nanoconjugates was evaluated in pancreatic cancer cells, showing that encapsulated EGCG keeps its antioxidant activity and decreasing the BxPC3 cell growth. A significant cell growth inhibition was observed in 50% with EGCG concentrations in the range of 2.2 and 3.7 μM in EGCG-ChAuNPs and EGCG-Cyst-AuNPs nanoconjugates, respectively. The EGCG alone had to be present at 23 μM to induce the same cytotoxicity response. Caspase-3 activity assay demonstrated that the conjugation of EGCG induces an enhancement of BxPC3 apoptosis compared with EGCG alone. In conclusion, AuNPs complexes can be used as delivery carriers to increase EGCG antioxidant activity in cancer tissues.
Highlights
ChAuNPs suspension was synthesized through the reduction in salt salt by chitosan disperse ChAuNPs suspension was synthesized through the reductiongold in gold by chipresenting a spherical shape shape
This work work proposes proposes two based onon gold nanoparThis twomethodologies methodologiestotoprepare preparenanocarriers nanocarriers based gold nanoticles decorated with EGCG
We demonstrated that the EGCG conjugates nanosystems particles decorated with EGCG
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Gold nanoparticles are vectors that present the capacity to target biocompounds without loss of their activity and overcome the drawbacks associated with the conventional agents used in cancer treatment. The low bioavailability, stability and half-life time are the main limitations of biocompounds [1,2]. The concept of the presented study is based on the delivery of an antioxidant agent using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). AuNPs are inorganic vehicles that present unique physical, chemical and optical characteristics [3,4]
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